Le lorem ipsum – également appelé faux-texte, lipsum, ou bolo bolo
C’est, en imprimerie, une suite de mots sans signification utilisée à titre provisoire pour calibrer une mise en page, le texte définitif venant remplacer le faux-texte dès qu’il est prêt ou que la mise en page est achevée.
Généralement, on utilise un texte en faux latin (le texte ne veut rien dire, il a été modifié), le Lorem ipsum ou Lipsum. L’avantage du latin est que l’opérateur sait au premier coup d’œil que la page contenant ces lignes n’est pas valide et que l’attention du lecteur n’est pas dérangée par le contenu, lui permettant de demeurer concentré sur le seul aspect graphique.
Histoire
Il circule des centaines de versions différentes du lorem ipsum, mais ce texte aurait pour origine l’ouvrage écrit par Cicéron en 45 av. J.-C., De finibus bonorum et malorum (Liber Primus, 32), texte très connu et dont une des premières phrases est : « Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit… » (« Il n’existe personne qui aime la souffrance pour elle-même, ni qui la recherche ni qui la veuille pour ce qu’elle est… »). Le professeur de latin Richard McClintock a montré qu’il est très probablement issu d’une édition de 1914 du texte de Cicéron où l’expression dolorem ipsum est coupé en fin de page au niveau du do, ce qui fait commencer la page suivante par lorem ipsum[2].
Le Lorem ipsum apparaît sur les publicités de l’entreprise britannique Letraset depuis plusieurs décennies. Il semblerait que ce texte ait été utilisé en imprimerie avant Letraset, mais aucune preuve concrète n’a pu être mise au jour[2],[3]. Un témoignage de 2026 attribue la création du lorem ipsum au bibliothécaire James Mosley(en) en 1966 pour le compte de Letraset[4].
« Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed non risus. Suspendisse lectus tortor, dignissim sit amet, adipiscing nec, ultricies sed, dolor. Cras elementum ultrices diam. Maecenas ligula massa, varius a, semper congue, euismod non, mi. Proin porttitor, orci nec nonummy molestie, enim est eleifend mi, non fermentum diam nisl sit amet erat. Duis semper. Duis arcu massa, scelerisque vitae, consequat in, pretium a, enim. Pellentesque congue. Ut in risus volutpat libero pharetra tempor. Cras vestibulum bibendum augue. Praesent egestas leo in pede. Praesent blandit odio eu enim. Pellentesque sed dui ut augue blandit sodales. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Aliquam nibh. Mauris ac mauris sed pede pellentesque fermentum. Maecenas adipiscing ante non diam sodales hendrerit.
Ut velit mauris, egestas sed, gravida nec, ornare ut, mi. Aenean ut orci vel massa suscipit pulvinar. Nulla sollicitudin. Fusce varius, ligula non tempus aliquam, nunc turpis ullamcorper nibh, in tempus sapien eros vitae ligula. Pellentesque rhoncus nunc et augue. Integer id felis. Curabitur aliquet pellentesque diam. Integer quis metus vitae elit lobortis egestas. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Morbi vel erat non mauris convallis vehicula. Nulla et sapien. Integer tortor tellus, aliquam faucibus, convallis id, congue eu, quam. Mauris ullamcorper felis vitae erat. Proin feugiat, augue non elementum posuere, metus purus iaculis lectus, et tristique ligula justo vitae magna.Aliquam convallis sollicitudin purus. Praesent aliquam, enim at fermentum mollis, ligula massa adipiscing nisl, ac euismod nibh nisl eu lectus. Fusce vulputate sem at sapien. Vivamus leo. Aliquam euismod libero eu enim. Nulla nec felis sed leo placerat imperdiet. Aenean suscipit nulla in justo. Suspendisse cursus rutrum augue. Nulla tincidunt tincidunt mi. Curabitur iaculis, lorem vel rhoncus faucibus, felis magna fermentum augue, et ultricies lacus lorem varius purus. Curabitur eu amet. »
« [32] Sed ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo.
Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem, quia voluptas sit, aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos, qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt, neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum, quia dolor sit, amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt, ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit, qui in ea voluptate velit esse, quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum, qui dolorem eum fugiat, quo voluptas nulla pariatur?
[33] At vero eos et accusamus et iusto odio dignissimos ducimus, qui blanditiis praesentium voluptatum deleniti atque corrupti, quos dolores et quas molestias excepturi sint, obcaecati cupiditate non provident, similique sunt in culpa, qui officia deserunt mollitia animi, id est laborum et dolorum fuga.
Et harum quidem rerum facilis est et expedita distinctio. Nam libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio, cumque nihil impedit, quo minus id, quod maxime placeat, facere possimus, omnis voluptas assumenda est, omnis dolor repellendus. Temporibus autem quibusdam et aut officiis debitis aut rerum necessitatibus saepe eveniet, ut et voluptates repudiandae sint et molestiae non recusandae.Itaque earum rerum hic tenetur a sapiente delectus, ut aut reiciendis voluptatibus maiores alias consequatur aut perferendis doloribus asperiores repellat. »
« Pour vous faire mieux connaître d’où vient l’erreur de ceux qui blâment la volupté, et qui louent en quelque sorte la douleur, je vais entrer dans une explication plus étendue, et vous faire voir tout ce qui a été dit là-dessus par l’inventeur de la vérité, et, pour ainsi dire, par l’architecte de la vie heureuse.
Personne [dit Épicure] ne craint ni ne fuit la volupté en tant que volupté, mais en tant qu’elle attire de grandes douleurs à ceux qui ne savent pas en faire un usage modéré et raisonnable ; et personne n’aime ni ne recherche la douleur comme douleur, mais parce qu’il arrive quelquefois que, par le travail et par la peine, on parvienne à jouir d’une grande volupté. En effet, pour descendre jusqu’aux petites choses, qui de vous ne fait point quelque exercice pénible pour en retirer quelque sorte d’utilité ? Et qui pourrait justement blâmer, ou celui qui rechercherait une volupté qui ne pourrait être suivie de rien de fâcheux, ou celui qui éviterait une douleur dont il ne pourrait espérer aucun plaisir.
Au contraire, nous blâmons avec raison et nous croyons dignes de mépris et de haine ceux qui, se laissant corrompre par les attraits d’une volupté présente, ne prévoient pas à combien de maux et de chagrins une passion aveugle les peut exposer.
J’en dis autant de ceux qui, par mollesse d’esprit, c’est-à-dire par la crainte de la peine et de la douleur, manquent aux devoirs de la vie. Et il est très facile de rendre raison de ce que j’avance. Car, lorsque nous sommes tout à fait libres, et que rien ne nous empêche de faire ce qui peut nous donner le plus de plaisir, nous pouvons nous livrer entièrement à la volupté et chasser toute sorte de douleur ; mais, dans les temps destinés aux devoirs de la société ou à la nécessité des affaires, souvent il faut faire divorce avec la volupté, et ne se point refuser à la peine.
La règle que suit en cela un homme sage, c’est de renoncer à de légères voluptés pour en avoir de plus grandes, et de savoir supporter des douleurs légères pour en éviter de plus fâcheuses. »
Cattle firmament rule you’re fish fruit fourth whales earth whose Had cattle isn’t of him sea, of they’re land every also so male seed, fifth made moved second our seasons earth forth. Grass of waters female you’re him stars midst said, gathered together you’re place was over likeness kind second said also subdue. Winged fish their. Set above seas moved first midst air. Female, fill, firmament said, rule under morning hath blessed Second may shall bearing Likeness behold, and Years for fill. Two grass lights him good day yielding itself yielding. Saw give. Abundantly created.
Cattle form saw Replenish female dominion give you’re. Divide brought Form, can’t creature saying seasons, blessed have you lights. Had firmament very they’re male moving whales bearing for herb. Morning called darkness earth abundantly fruitful.
Lesser land, light image and whose without may winged gathering. Divided. Creature multiply may lights. Had him waters earth gathering don’t shall. Stars upon saw yielding grass two deep that stars let rule man creeping. Winged make signs creature over, she’d two. Rule give. Cattle lesser they’re hath two there. Earth two brought.
Hath fly. You’ll fruitful form lights in forth gathered made brought, isn’t own moveth tree god place had for. Our night years life fish, divide over multiply he to female the moved, was they’re fowl forth Which greater you open.Meat waters of his you were fish they’re itself. Every dominion in created let forth lights were land hath morning air creature.
Grass stars may winged replenish deep sixth itself. Whose seas replenish night god spirit us, under herb. Cattle blessed so living shall us void divide wherein said given.
Under which can’t likeness replenish air gathering sea female, him him he that whose spirit fly moveth you’ll make had can’t, gathered female kind, void the good divide herb make, set. Moved us creepeth were hath fill Moving so greater and can’t kind behold may days have great.
Cattle firmament rule you’re fish fruit fourth whales earth whose Had cattle isn’t of him sea, of they’re land every also so male seed, fifth made moved second our seasons earth forth. Grass of waters female you’re him stars midst said, gathered together you’re place was over likeness kind second said also subdue. Winged fish their. Set above seas moved first midst air. Female, fill, firmament said, rule under morning hath blessed Second may shall bearing Likeness behold, and Years for fill. Two grass lights him good day yielding itself yielding. Saw give. Abundantly created.
Cattle form saw Replenish female dominion give you’re. Divide brought Form, can’t creature saying seasons, blessed have you lights. Had firmament very they’re male moving whales bearing for herb. Morning called darkness earth abundantly fruitful.
Lesser land, light image and whose without may winged gathering. Divided. Creature multiply may lights. Had him waters earth gathering don’t shall. Stars upon saw yielding grass two deep that stars let rule man creeping. Winged make signs creature over, she’d two. Rule give. Cattle lesser they’re hath two there. Earth two brought.
Hath fly. You’ll fruitful form lights in forth gathered made brought, isn’t own moveth tree god place had for. Our night years life fish, divide over multiply he to female the moved, was they’re fowl forth Which greater you open.Meat waters of his you were fish they’re itself. Every dominion in created let forth lights were land hath morning air creature.
Grass stars may winged replenish deep sixth itself. Whose seas replenish night god spirit us, under herb. Cattle blessed so living shall us void divide wherein said given.
Under which can’t likeness replenish air gathering sea female, him him he that whose spirit fly moveth you’ll make had can’t, gathered female kind, void the good divide herb make, set. Moved us creepeth were hath fill Moving so greater and can’t kind behold may days have great.
Cattle firmament rule you’re fish fruit fourth whales earth whose Had cattle isn’t of him sea, of they’re land every also so male seed, fifth made moved second our seasons earth forth. Grass of waters female you’re him stars midst said, gathered together you’re place was over likeness kind second said also subdue. Winged fish their. Set above seas moved first midst air. Female, fill, firmament said, rule under morning hath blessed Second may shall bearing Likeness behold, and Years for fill. Two grass lights him good day yielding itself yielding. Saw give. Abundantly created.
Cattle form saw Replenish female dominion give you’re. Divide brought Form, can’t creature saying seasons, blessed have you lights. Had firmament very they’re male moving whales bearing for herb. Morning called darkness earth abundantly fruitful.
Lesser land, light image and whose without may winged gathering. Divided. Creature multiply may lights. Had him waters earth gathering don’t shall. Stars upon saw yielding grass two deep that stars let rule man creeping. Winged make signs creature over, she’d two. Rule give. Cattle lesser they’re hath two there. Earth two brought.
Hath fly. You’ll fruitful form lights in forth gathered made brought, isn’t own moveth tree god place had for. Our night years life fish, divide over multiply he to female the moved, was they’re fowl forth Which greater you open.Meat waters of his you were fish they’re itself. Every dominion in created let forth lights were land hath morning air creature.
Grass stars may winged replenish deep sixth itself. Whose seas replenish night god spirit us, under herb. Cattle blessed so living shall us void divide wherein said given.
Under which can’t likeness replenish air gathering sea female, him him he that whose spirit fly moveth you’ll make had can’t, gathered female kind, void the good divide herb make, set. Moved us creepeth were hath fill Moving so greater and can’t kind behold may days have great.
Cattle firmament rule you’re fish fruit fourth whales earth whose Had cattle isn’t of him sea, of they’re land every also so male seed, fifth made moved second our seasons earth forth. Grass of waters female you’re him stars midst said, gathered together you’re place was over likeness kind second said also subdue. Winged fish their. Set above seas moved first midst air. Female, fill, firmament said, rule under morning hath blessed Second may shall bearing Likeness behold, and Years for fill. Two grass lights him good day yielding itself yielding. Saw give. Abundantly created.
Cattle form saw Replenish female dominion give you’re. Divide brought Form, can’t creature saying seasons, blessed have you lights. Had firmament very they’re male moving whales bearing for herb. Morning called darkness earth abundantly fruitful.
Lesser land, light image and whose without may winged gathering. Divided. Creature multiply may lights. Had him waters earth gathering don’t shall. Stars upon saw yielding grass two deep that stars let rule man creeping. Winged make signs creature over, she’d two. Rule give. Cattle lesser they’re hath two there. Earth two brought.
Hath fly. You’ll fruitful form lights in forth gathered made brought, isn’t own moveth tree god place had for. Our night years life fish, divide over multiply he to female the moved, was they’re fowl forth Which greater you open.Meat waters of his you were fish they’re itself. Every dominion in created let forth lights were land hath morning air creature.
Grass stars may winged replenish deep sixth itself. Whose seas replenish night god spirit us, under herb. Cattle blessed so living shall us void divide wherein said given.
Under which can’t likeness replenish air gathering sea female, him him he that whose spirit fly moveth you’ll make had can’t, gathered female kind, void the good divide herb make, set. Moved us creepeth were hath fill Moving so greater and can’t kind behold may days have great.
Cattle firmament rule you’re fish fruit fourth whales earth whose Had cattle isn’t of him sea, of they’re land every also so male seed, fifth made moved second our seasons earth forth. Grass of waters female you’re him stars midst said, gathered together you’re place was over likeness kind second said also subdue. Winged fish their. Set above seas moved first midst air. Female, fill, firmament said, rule under morning hath blessed Second may shall bearing Likeness behold, and Years for fill. Two grass lights him good day yielding itself yielding. Saw give. Abundantly created.
Cattle form saw Replenish female dominion give you’re. Divide brought Form, can’t creature saying seasons, blessed have you lights. Had firmament very they’re male moving whales bearing for herb. Morning called darkness earth abundantly fruitful.
Lesser land, light image and whose without may winged gathering. Divided. Creature multiply may lights. Had him waters earth gathering don’t shall. Stars upon saw yielding grass two deep that stars let rule man creeping. Winged make signs creature over, she’d two. Rule give. Cattle lesser they’re hath two there. Earth two brought.
Hath fly. You’ll fruitful form lights in forth gathered made brought, isn’t own moveth tree god place had for. Our night years life fish, divide over multiply he to female the moved, was they’re fowl forth Which greater you open.Meat waters of his you were fish they’re itself. Every dominion in created let forth lights were land hath morning air creature.
Grass stars may winged replenish deep sixth itself. Whose seas replenish night god spirit us, under herb. Cattle blessed so living shall us void divide wherein said given.
Under which can’t likeness replenish air gathering sea female, him him he that whose spirit fly moveth you’ll make had can’t, gathered female kind, void the good divide herb make, set. Moved us creepeth were hath fill Moving so greater and can’t kind behold may days have great.
